The department provides comprehensive nephrological care, including the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic kidney diseases. The department specializes in the management of patients with severe kidney diseases and the preparation for dialysis and kidney transplantation. In collaboration with the Transplant Center, it focuses on pre-transplant examinations and monitoring of patients after transplantation. It offers both regular hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis, which are tailored to the individual needs of patients. Hemodialysis is performed in both chronic and acute dialysis rooms, where patients typically undergo procedures three times a week. The acute dialysis room has recently been renovated and serves to treat patients with sudden kidney failure.

The department utilizes the latest monitoring and therapeutic technologies and provides care to patients from other departments, such as through "holiday dialysis." In peritoneal dialysis, which is a home-based treatment, the patient attends regular check-ups in a newly built examination room. Collaboration with the 3rd Department of Internal Medicine – Metabolic Care and Gerontology and other clinical departments ensures comprehensive care for hospitalized nephrological patients. Outpatient care is provided in nephrology and transplantation clinics, where appointments are required based on a referral from a doctor. Patients are admitted to care based on the decision of a specialist following an examination and determination of the next steps.